Water hardness is caused by dissolved salts. Hardness is formed in natural waters primarily from magnesium and calcium hydrogen carbonate and sulfate dissolved from the soil and/or aquifers. The more salts are dissolved in the water, the higher the water hardness. Due to regionally very different composition of the geological underground, different water hardnesses and compositions are possible.
For this reason, water hardness is divided into the following ranges:
- < 4 degrees of German hardness (°dh) = very soft water.
- 4 - 7 degrees of German hardness (°dh) = soft water
- 7 - 14 degrees of German hardness (°dh) = medium hard water
- 14 - 21 degrees of German hardness (°dh) = hard water
- > 21 degrees of German hardness (°dh) = very hard water
The majority of water hardness is produced as carbonate hardness by dissolving lime (CaCO3) or dolomite (Ca-Mg mixed carbonate). Other input paths include dissolution by acidic components of precipitation or by nitric acid from nitrification as a result of agricultural fertilization.
- Water Analyzers
-
Liquid chemistry
- Indicators / Reagents
- pH / ORP Buffer and Conductivity Calibration Solutions
-
Test Kits
- Product Group
-
Parameters
- Water Hardness (Ca2+ und Mg2+)
- Carbonate hardness (KH)
- m-value (total alkalinity - acid capacity up to pH 4.3, KS 4.3)
- p-value (acid capacity up to pH 8.2, KS 8.2)
- Base capacity (KB82 - to pH 8.2)
- Aluminium (Al)
- Ammonia (NH4+)
- Chlorine (Cl DPD methode)
- Chloride (Cl-)
- Chromate Cr(VI)
- Iron (II + III dissolved- Fe3O4)
- Hydrazine (N2H4)
- Carbon dioxide (CO2)
- Copper (Cu)
- Cooling lubricants (KSS)
- Nitrite (NO2)
- pH
- Phosphate (P2O5 - Ortho-Phosphate)
- Polyamines (PA - circuit water)
- Silicate (SiO2 - dissolved)
- Sulphate (SO4)
- Sulphite (SO32)
- Analysis Cases and Analysis Cabinets
- Multiparameter Handheld Photometer
- Silver resin
- spare parts
- Controls
- Electrodes and sensors
- Hand-held measuring instruments and analysis cases
- Laboratory Benchtop Meters
- NeoTec World
- Permeate
- Clinical Solutions
- Seminars & Webinars
- Ozone and UV technology
- Dosing pumps
- Gas Measuring Instruments
- Hygiene and Disinfection
- Water Meters
- Accessories
- Blog
Filter products
Solution for the buffering of strongly alkaline water samples
Special indicator in powder form for the rapid colorimetric determination of minimum hardness traces in the range 0-0.1 °dH, 0-1.8 ppm CaCO3 or 0-0.2 °f (French hardness). Complete with measuring tube and spoon. Analyses: approx. 700 Measuring time: approx. ½ minute
LIMIT VALUE TEST KIT Liquid special indicator in dropper bottle for the monitoring of softened water, set for the limit values of 0.5 and 0.25 °dH (8,9 and 4,47 ppm). Description Complete with measuring tube and stopper Analyses: approx. 250 Measuring time: approx. ½ minute
LIMIT VALUE TEST KIT Liquid special indicator in dropper bottle for the monitoring of softened water, set for the limit values of 0.1 and 0.05 °dH (1,79 and 0,89 ppm).DescriptionComplete with measuring tube and stopper Analyses: approx. 250Measuring time: approx. ½ minute
LIMIT VALUE TEST KIT Liquid special indicator in dropper bottle for the monitoring of softened water, set for the limit values of 1 and 0.5 °dH (17,9 and 8,9 ppm). Description Complete with measuring tube and stopper Analyses: approx. 250 Measuring time: approx. ½ minute
DUROVAL 1 Drop = 0.1 °dH – Drop-Count Titration Test for Water Hardness Determination High-resolution drop-count test for the precise determination of low water hardness The DUROVAL water hardness test by Heyl is a precise drop-count titration test for determining total hardness in the low measuring range. The analysis is carried out using complexometric titration, where each drop corresponds exactly to 0.1 °dH. This allows even the smallest changes in water hardness to be detected reliably. The test is specifically designed for applications that require high accuracy at very low water hardness levels. With one test kit, approximately 30 analyses can be performed at an average hardness of 1 °dH. Precise water hardness analysis with DUROVAL using complexometric titration Complexometric titration is a proven and highly accurate method for determining water hardness. With the DUROVAL test, the sample is titrated drop by drop until a clearly defined color change is reached. The number of drops used directly corresponds to the water hardness in °dH. Thanks to the fine resolution of 0.1 °dH per drop, DUROVAL is ideal for control, comparison, and documentation measurements where coarse rapid tests do not provide sufficient accuracy. Why DUROVAL by Heyl is the ideal handheld test for water hardness determination Accurate determination of water hardness is essential for water treatment, industrial processes, laboratory analysis, and quality assurance. Especially with softened, demineralized, or treated water, even small deviations in hardness can be technically relevant and may affect processes, systems, or products. DUROVAL is important because: Very low water hardness levels can be measured precisely Even the smallest changes are reliably detected The method works independently of electronic devices Norm-compliant, reproducible results are achieved The test is ideal for routine checks and documentation Unlike coarse test strips or rapid tests, DUROVAL delivers measurable accuracy that is indispensable for technical and analytical applications.
Duroval 1 Drop 1.0 °dH – Precise Water Hardness Analysis Drop-by-Drop Titration for 0–1 °dH The Duroval 1 Drop 1.0 °dH titration test enables precise determination of very soft water hardness. This test kit allows fast and accurate measurement of water hardness in soft water samples. Clear color changes ensure reproducible results. Precise Drop-by-Drop Titration for Very Soft Water Samples The Duroval 1 Drop 1.0 °dH test was specifically developed for exact measurement of very low water hardness. It is ideal for analyzing soft and softened water within the range of 0–1 °dH. The drop-by-drop dosing provides fine resolution and high measurement accuracy, which is particularly beneficial for sensitive applications in water treatment. Advantages of the Duroval 1 Drop Test for Water Hardness Measurement The Duroval 1 Drop test delivers fast and reproducible results through clearly visible color changes during titration. This simplifies evaluation and minimizes user errors. The compact test kit is easy to use and suitable for routine checks, commissioning, and mobile on-site measurements. It supports reliable water quality control via manual testing and helps optimize processes and system settings.
Titration kit for the determination of water hardness via complexometric titration 1 drop corresponds to 1 degree of German hardnessAnalyses: approx. 30 (at an average hardness of 10 °dH) This product is available in following versions: 1 pcs. (ready packed in folding box)50 pcs. neutral inlays without folding box (ready packed in measuring tube including insert and lid) Kit for 50 pcs. neutral inlays without folding box (all parts separately) 50 pcs. neutral inlays with neutral folding box (ready packed in folding box)
Titration kit for the determination of water hardness via complexometric titration 1 drop corresponds to 1 degree of French hardnessAnalyses: approx. 30 (at an average hardness of 10 °f) This product is available in following versions: 1 pcs.50 pcs. neutral inlays without folding box Kit for 50 pcs. neutral inlays without folding box 50 pcs. neutral inlays with neutral folding box
Precise Water Hardness Titration Test DUROVAL 1 Drop = 1 °dH Reliable Determination of Water Hardness by Drop Counting Titration The DUROVAL 1 Drop = 1 °dH Drop Counting Titration Test (50 pieces without folding box) is a titration kit for determining water hardness through complexometric titration. The kit is designed to measure water hardness by counting drops until the color change occurs. Approximately 30 analyses can be performed with one set. Reliable Determination of Water Hardness by Drop Counting Titration The DUROVAL 1 Drop = 1 °dH Drop Counting Titration Test is a proven titration kit for determining water hardness using complexometric titration. Evaluation is simple and reliable by counting the drops until the color change, allowing clear and reproducible measurements. The test kit is ideal for routine checks in water treatment, technical operations, and on-site mobile applications. Advantages of the DUROVAL 1 Drop Test for Hardness Analysis The drop counting test enables quick and user-friendly hardness determination without complex measuring equipment. One set allows approximately 30 analyses, making it an economical solution for regular checks. Clear color changes minimize measurement errors and ensure reliable results. The compact format is especially suitable for service tasks and laboratory environments where a simple, robust, and quickly applicable solution is required.
Duroval A Test Kit – Precise Water Hardness Measurement Complexometric titration for all common hardness ranges The Duroval A test kit enables precise measurement of water hardness in the range of 0–30 °dH using complexometric titration. The complete set includes a calibrated dosing pipette and is suitable for approximately 100 analyses. The test kit allows accurate hardness determination within about 2 minutes with a precision of 0.5 °dH. Reliable complexometric titration for all standard hardness ranges The Duroval A test kit provides precise and reliable determination of water hardness in the measuring range of 0–30 °dH using the proven method of complexometric titration. It is ideal for the analysis of raw water, process water, and service water. Designed as a complete analysis package, the set includes a calibrated dosing pipette that ensures reproducible dosing and consistent measurement results for up to approximately 100 analyses. Advantages of the Duroval A test kit for water hardness analysis The Duroval A test kit delivers fast and reliable hardness determination in only about 2 minutes with an accuracy of 0.5 °dH. The clearly visible color change during titration simplifies evaluation and minimizes user errors. Thanks to its robust design and easy handling, the test kit is suitable for routine checks, commissioning, and mobile applications in water analysis. It is an ideal solution for users who require a precise manual alternative to automatic measurement systems.
Test kit for the determination of water hardness across all hardness ranges via complexometric titration with a liquid titration agent and a pipette, accurately calibrated in °f hardness unit. Description Complete with measuring tube, pipette calibrated from 0-60 °f, special junction stopper, liquid indicator and 50 ml titration solution. Analyses: approx. 100 (at an average hardness of 26,7 °f) Measuring time: approx. 2 minutes Accuracy: 1°f
Test kit for the determination of water hardness across all hardness ranges via complexometric titration with a liquid titration agent and a pipette, accurately calibrated in °f hardness unit. Description Complete with measuring tube, pipette calibrated from 0-60 °f, special junction stopper, powder indicator and 50 ml titration solution. Analyses: approx. 100 (at an average hardness of 26,7 °f) Measuring time: approx. 2 minutes Accuracy: 1°f
Test kit for the determination of water hardness across all hardness ranges via complexometric titration with a liquid titration agent and a pipette, accurately calibrated in °dH hardness unit. Description Complete with measuring tube, pipette calibrated from 0-30 °dH, special junction stopper, powder indicator and 50 ml titration solution. Analyses: approx. 100 (at an average hardness of 15 °dH) Measuring time: approx. 2 minutes Accuracy: 0.5 °dH
Duroval B Test Kit 0–2 °dH – Hardness Determination Reliable titration test kit for precise determination of hardness in very soft or demineralized water by Heyl. The Duroval B Test Kit 0–2 °dH is designed to measure water hardness in very soft or demineralized water samples using titration. With a finely calibrated dosing pipette, liquid indicator, and titration solution, it provides precise and fast measurement. The Duroval B test kit is a complete analysis set for measuring water hardness in very soft or demineralized water. Clear results are obtained within approximately two minutes with an accuracy of 0.05 °dH. Precise titration method for very soft and demineralized water The Duroval B Test Kit 0–2 °dH was specifically developed for accurate measurement of water hardness in very soft or demineralized water samples. Using the proven titration method, even very low hardness levels can be reliably determined, which is particularly important in sensitive water treatment applications. The Heyl test kit includes a finely calibrated dosing pipette, titration solution, and liquid indicator, enabling fast, reproducible, and user-friendly analysis. Advantages of the Duroval B test kit for hardness measurement With the Duroval B test kit, users obtain precise results within about two minutes with a high accuracy of 0.05 °dH. The clearly visible color change simplifies evaluation and minimizes user errors. The complete analysis set is ideal for routine checks, commissioning, and mobile measurements. It provides a reliable manual solution for monitoring very low water hardness and supports safe process and quality control.
As test kit type B, but with powder indicator and calibrated dosing pipette 0-4 ° f(french hardness).
DUROVAL® TF is an industrial test kit for the determination of water hardness across all hardness ranges via complexometric titration with a liquid titration agent and a pipette, accurately calibrated in hardness units. Especially recommendable as initial equipment for water softening installation. Description Complete with measuring tube, pipette calibrated from 0-4 °f (French hardness), special junction stopper, powder indicator and titration solution. Analyses: approx. 60 (at an average hardness of 26,7 °f) Measuring time: approx. 2 minutes Accuracy: 1 °f
Duroval TI Test Kit 0-30 °dH from Heyl – Industrial Water Hardness Analysis Titration test kit for determining total water hardness The Duroval TI Test Kit 0-30 °dH is an analysis set for precise determination of total water hardness in water samples via complexometric titration. The TI test kit provides fast and reliable results in the range of 0 to 30 °dH. In approximately 2 minutes, users receive meaningful measurements with an accuracy of 0.5 °dH. Contents of the test kit: Measuring tube Indicator Calibrated dosing pipette 0–30 °dH 30 ml titration solution Reliable Total Hardness Determination via Complexometric Titration The Duroval TI Test Kit 0–30 °dH is a professional analysis set from Heyl for precise determination of total water hardness in industrial and commercial applications. The proven complexometric titration method ensures accurate analysis of raw, process, and operational water across a wide measurement range. The test kit delivers fast and reproducible results. Within approximately 2 minutes, users obtain meaningful measurements with an accuracy of 0.5 °dH, making it ideal for routine checks and commissioning. Advantages of the Duroval TI Test Kit for Industrial Applications The Duroval TI Test Kit stands out due to its simple handling and high measurement reliability. The calibrated dosing pipette ensures precise addition of the titration solution, while the clear color change of the indicator enables accurate evaluation. The compact set is especially suitable for mobile measurements, service tasks, and regular checks in industrial water treatment. It provides a precise manual alternative to automated measurement systems and supports efficient quality and process monitoring.
As test kit type TI, but with liquid indicator and dosing pipette calibrated on0-60 ° f (French hardness).
Water Hardness DUO Titration Kit – Flexible Hardness Analysis For precise measurement of water hardness The Water Hardness DUO Titration Kit is designed to measure water hardness in raw water (30–80 °dH) and treated water (0–2 °dH). With the DUO kit, you can reliably determine the hardness of both raw and treated water. The set includes all necessary reagents and accessories for immediate use. Precise Determination of Water Hardness in Raw and Treated Water The Water Hardness DUO Titration Kit provides a flexible and reliable analysis of water hardness for both raw and treated water. It covers a wide measurement range from 30–80 °dH in raw water and 0–2 °dH in treated water, making it ideal for various applications in water treatment. The kit is designed for users who require fast and accurate hardness measurements, whether for untreated raw water or softened water. Advantages of the Water Hardness DUO Titration Kit With the DUO titration kit, two measurement ranges can be covered with a single set. This reduces the need for separate measurement systems and allows efficient monitoring of water hardness before and after treatment. The set includes all necessary reagents and accessories for immediate use. The manual titration method delivers precise and reproducible results and is particularly suitable for control measurements, commissioning, or mobile applications in water analysis.